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Agent Loops — Troubleshooting Guide

Diagnose AI agents that repeatedly call tools, revisit the same state, or fail to converge on a result.

Troubleshooting

Start with the symptom. End with a verified fix.

What’s wrong?

An agent repeatedly calls the same tool or cycles without reaching a useful terminal state.

Possible causes

  1. Missing termination condition
  2. ambiguous tool result
  3. poor state representation
  4. retry loop
  5. tool failure not surfaced clearly

Diagnosis

  1. Trace tool calls
  2. inspect state transitions
  3. identify repeated actions
  4. inspect tool errors and termination logic

2 · Fix

Add explicit termination and retry bounds and make tool results deterministic and actionable where possible.

Verify

Re-run the failing scenario and confirm the agent reaches a bounded terminal state.

3 · Prevent

Add loop detection, step budgets, traces, and regression scenarios.

Agent Loops

Treat an agent as a state machine you can observe.

Diagnose

Trace:

goal → decision → tool call → tool result → state update → next decision

Look for repeated state, repeated tools, hidden errors, and missing terminal conditions.

Fix → Verify → Prevent

Bound retries and steps, make tool failures explicit, and add loop-detection telemetry. Verify that the same scenario terminates predictably.

Engineering companion

Learn → troubleshoot → design → prepare → test

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